Syn Schmitt

Badie N, Schmitt S. Enhancing stance robustness and jump height in bipedal muscle-actuated systems: A bioinspired morphological development approach. Bioinspiration & Biomimetics [Internet]. 2024; Available from: http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-3190/ad3602

Hammer M, Wenzel T, Santin G, Meszaros-Beller L, Little JP, Haasdonk B, et al. A new method to design energy-conserving surrogate models for the coupled, nonlinear responses of intervertebral discs. Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology [Internet]. 2024;1--24. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10237-023-01804-4

Meszaros-Beller L, Hammer M, Riede JM, Pivonka P, Little JP, Schmitt S. Effects of geometric individualisation of a human spine model on load sharing: neuro-musculoskeletal simulation reveals significant differences in ligament and muscle contribution. Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology [Internet]. 2023;1--26. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-022-01673-3

Lich T, Mönnich J, Voss M, Lerge P, Nölle LV, Schmitt S. Applying AI Methods On Video Documented Car-VRU Front Crashes to Determine Generalized Vulnerable Road User Behaviors. In: Proceedings of the 27th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV), Yokohama, Japan [Internet]. 2023. (Proceedings of the 27th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV), Yokohama, Japan). Available from: https://www-esv.nhtsa.dot.gov/Proceedings/27/27ESV-000210.pdf

Izzi F, Mo A, Schmitt S, Badri-Spröwitz A, Haeufle DFB. Muscle prestimulation tunes velocity preflex in simulated perturbed hopping. Scientific Reports [Internet]. 2023;13(1):4559. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31179-6

Bunz E, Haeufle D, Remy C, Schmitt S. Bioinspired preactivation reflex increases robustness of walking on rough terrain. Scientific Reports [Internet]. 2023;13:13219. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-39364-3

Wochner I, Schumacher P, Martius G, Büchler D, Schmitt S, Haeufle D. Learning with Muscles: Benefits for Data-Efficiency and Robustness in Anthropomorphic Tasks. In: 6th Annual Conference on Robot Learning [Internet]. 2023. (6th Annual Conference on Robot Learning). Available from: https://openreview.net/forum?id=Xo3eOibXCQ8

Nölle LV, Alfaro EH, Martynenko OV, Schmitt S. An investigation of tendon strains in jersey finger injury load cases using a finite element neuromuscular human body model. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology [Internet]. 2023;11:1293705. Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2023.1293705/full?&utm_source=Email_to_authors_&utm_medium=Email&utm_content=T1_11.5e1_author&utm_campaign=Email_publication&field=&journalName=Frontiers_in_Bioengineering_and_Biotechnology&id=1293705

Schumacher P, Geijtenbeek T, Caggiano V, Kumar V, Schmitt S, Martius G, et al. Natural and Robust Walking using Reinforcement Learning without Demonstrations in High-Dimensional Musculoskeletal Models [Internet]. arXiv; 2023. Available from: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2309.02976

Meszaros-Beller L, Hammer M, Schmitt S, Pivonka P. Effect of neglecting passive spinal structures: a quantitative investigation using the forward-dynamics and inverse-dynamics musculoskeletal approach. Frontiers in Physiology. 2023;14:1135531.

Christensen KB, Günther M, Schmitt S, Siebert T. Muscle wobbling mass dynamics: eigenfrequency dependencies on activity, impact strength, and ground material. Scientific Reports. 2023;13:19575 (12pp).

Chacon PF, Hammer M, Wochner I, Walter JR, Schmitt S. A physiologically enhanced muscle spindle model: using a Hill-type model for extrafusal fibers as template for intrafusal fibers. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering [Internet]. 2023;1--20. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38126259/

Schumacher P, Haeufle DFB, Büchler D, Schmitt S, Martius G. DEP-RL: Embodied Exploration for Reinforcement Learning in Overactuated and Musculoskeletal Systems. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh InternationalConference on Learning Representations (ICLR) [Internet]. 2023. (Proceedings of the Eleventh InternationalConference on Learning Representations (ICLR)). Available from: https://iclr.cc/virtual/2023/poster/11618

Martynenko OV, Kempter F, Kleinbach C, Nölle LV, Lerge P, Schmitt S, et al. Development and verification of a physiologically motivated internal controller for the open-source extended Hill-type muscle model in LS-DYNA. Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology [Internet]. 2023;1--30. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10237-023-01748-9

Wochner I, Nölle LV, Martynenko OV, Schmitt S. ‘Falling heads’: investigating reflexive responses to head--neck perturbations. BioMedical Engineering OnLine [Internet]. 2022;21(1):1--23. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12938-022-00994-9

Walter JR, Wochner I, Jacob M, Stollenmaier K, Lerge P, Schmitt S. allmin: A Reduced Human All-Body Model. 2022; Available from: https://doi.org/10.18419/darus-2982

Schmitt S. demoa-base: a biophysics simulator for muscle-driven motion. 2022; Available from: https://doi.org/10.18419/darus-2550

Schumacher P, Häufle D, Büchler D, Schmitt S, Martius G. DEP-RL: Embodied Exploration for Reinforcement Learning in Overactuated and Musculoskeletal Systems [Internet]. arXiv; 2022. Available from: https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.00484

Waldhof M, Wochner I, Stollenmaier K, Parspour N, Schmitt S. Design and Scaling of Exoskeleton Power Units Considering Load Cycles of Humans. Robotics [Internet]. 2022;11(5):107. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics11050107

Wochner I, Schmitt S. arm26: A Human Arm Model. 2022; Available from: https://doi.org/10.18419/darus-2871

Nölle LV, Mishra A, Martynenko OV, Schmitt S. Evaluation of muscle strain injury severity in active human body models. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials [Internet]. 2022;105463. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105463

Hammer M, Riede JM, Meszaros-Beller L, Schmitt S. gspine: A Human Spine Model Built Using Literature Data. 2022; Available from: https://doi.org/10.18419/darus-2814

Ghazi-Zahedi K, Rieffel J, Schmitt S, Hauser H. Editorial: Recent Trends in Morphological Computation. Frontiers in Robotics and AI [Internet]. 2021;8:159. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2021.708206

Walter J, Lerge P, Schmitt S. Human-centred design: a comparison of ingress motion for two car concepts using a musculoskeletal, digital human body model [Internet]. 2021. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.18419/opus-11478

Gizzi L, Yavuz US, Hillerkuss D, Geri T, Gneiting E, Domeier F, et al. Variations in Muscle Activity and Exerted Torque During  Temporary Blood Flow Restriction in Healthy Individuals. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology [Internet]. 2021;9:100. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.557761

Haasdonk B, Wenzel T, Santin G, Schmitt S. Biomechanical Surrogate Modelling Using Stabilized Vectorial Greedy Kernel Methods. In: Vermolen FJ, Vuik C, editors. Numerical Mathematics and Advanced Applications ENUMATH 2019 [Internet]. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2021. p. 499--508. (Vermolen FJ, Vuik C, editors. Numerical Mathematics and Advanced Applications ENUMATH 2019). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55874-1_49

Martynenko OV, Wochner I, Nölle LV, Alfaro EH, Schmitt S, Mayer C, et al. Comparison of the Head-Neck Kinematics of Different Active Human Body Models with Experimental Data. In: Proceedings of IRCOBI Conference [Internet]. 2021. p. 105--121. (Proceedings of IRCOBI Conference). Available from: http://www.ircobi.org/wordpress/downloads/irc21/pdf-files/2121.pdf

Banik T, Nölle LV, Schmitt S, Martynenko OV. Representation of the Elderly Population with Active Human Body Models. In: Proceedings of IRCOBI Conference [Internet]. 2021. p. 534--536. (Proceedings of IRCOBI Conference; vol. 2021). Available from: http://www.ircobi.org/wordpress/downloads/irc21/pdf-files/2158.pdf

Walter J, Günther M, Haeufle D, Schmitt S. Correction to:  A geometry- and muscle-based control architecture for synthesising biological movement. Biological Cybernetics [Internet]. 2021;(115):193. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00422-021-00869-7

Christensen KB, Günther M, Schmitt S, Siebert T. Cross-bridge mechanics estimated from skeletal muscles’ work-loop responses to impacts in legged locomotion. Scientific Reports [Internet]. 2021;11:23638 (12pp). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02819-6

Walter J, Günther M, Haeufle DFB, Schmitt S. A geometry- and muscle-based control architecture for synthesising biological movement. Biological Cybernetics [Internet]. 2021;115(1):7–37. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00422-020-00856-4

Günther M, Rockenfeller R, Weihmann T, Haeufle DFB, Götz T, Schmitt S. Rules of nature’s Formula Run: Muscle mechanics during late stance is the key to explaining maximum running speed. Journal of Theoretical Biology [Internet]. 2021;523:110714. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2021.110714

Rockenfeller R, Hammer M, Riede JM, Schmitt S, Lawonn K. Intuitive assessment of modeled lumbar spinal motion by  clustering and visualization of finite helical axes. Computers in Biology and Medicine [Internet]. 2021;135:104528. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104528

Riede JM, Holm C, Schmitt S, Haeufle DFB. The control effort to steer self-propelled microswimmers depends on their morphology: comparing symmetric spherical versus asymmetric L-shaped particles. Royal Society Open Science [Internet]. 2021;8(9):201839. Available from: https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/abs/10.1098/rsos.201839

Nölle LV, Schmitt S, Martynenko OV. Defining Injury Criteria for the Muscle-Tendon-Unit. In: Proceedings of the International IRCOBI Conference [Internet]. Munich, Germany: IRCOBI Council; 2020. p. 811--813. (Proceedings of the International IRCOBI Conference). Available from: http://www.ircobi.org/wordpress/downloads/irc20/pdf-files/89.pdf

Haeufle DFB, Siegel J, Hochstein S, Gussew A, Schmitt S, Siebert T, et al. Energy Expenditure of Dynamic Submaximal Human Plantarflexion Movements: Model Prediction and Validation by in-vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology [Internet]. 2020 Jun;8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffbioe.2020.00622

Martynenko OV, Nölle LV, Schmitt S. Integration of the Open-Source Extended Hill-type Muscle Material into THUMSv5. In: Proceedings of the International IRCOBI Conference [Internet]. Munich, Germany: IRCOBI Council; 2020. p. 205--206. (Proceedings of the International IRCOBI Conference). Available from: http://www.ircobi.org/wordpress/downloads/irc20/pdf-files/25.pdf

Haeufle DFB, Stollenmaier K, Heinrich I, Schmitt S, Ghazi-Zahedi K. Morphological Computation Increases From Lower- to Higher-Level of Biological Motor Control Hierarchy. Frontiers in Robotics and AI [Internet]. 2020;7. Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2020.511265/full

Rockenfeller R, Günther M, Stutzig N, Haeufle DFB, Siebert T, Schmitt S, et al. Exhaustion of skeletal muscle fibers within seconds: incorporating phosphate kinetics into a Hill-type model. Frontiers in Physiology [Internet]. 2020;11:306 (25pp). Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.00306

Mörl F, Günther M, Riede JM, Hammer M, Schmitt S. Loads distributed in vivo among vertebrae, muscles, spinal ligaments, and intervertebral discs in a passively flexed lumbar spine. Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology [Internet]. 2020 Dec 1;19(6):2015–47. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-020-01322-7

Haeufle DF, Wochner I, Holzmüller D, Driess D, Günther M, Schmitt S. Muscles reduce neuronal information load: quantification of control effort in biological vs robotic pointing and walking. Frontiers in Robotics and AI [Internet]. 2020;7:77 (13pp). Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2020.00077/full

Günther M, Haeufle DFB, Schmitt S. Corrigendum to “The basic mechanical structure of the skeletal muscle machinery: One model for linking microscopic and macroscopic scales” Journal of Theoretical Biology 456 (2018) 137–167. Journal of Theoretical Biology [Internet]. 2020 Mar;488:110143. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jtbi.2019.110143

Brändle S, Schmitt S, Müller MA. A systems-theoretic analysis of low-level human motor control: application to a single-joint arm model. J Math Biol [Internet]. 2020;80(4):1139--1158. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00285-019-01455-z

Wochner I, Driess D, Zimmermann H, Haeufle DF, Toussaint M, Schmitt S. Optimality principles in human point-to-manifold reaching accounting for muscle dynamics. Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience [Internet]. 2020;14:38. Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncom.2020.00038/full

Lerge P, Schmitt S, Martynenko OV. Simulation of Pedestrian Kinematics before Impact with a Vehicle using an Active Pedestrian Human Body Model. In: Proceedings of the International IRCOBI Conference [Internet]. Munich, Germany: IRCOBI Council; 2020. p. 210--212. (Proceedings of the International IRCOBI Conference). Available from: http://www.ircobi.org/wordpress/downloads/irc20/pdf-files/27.pdf

Schmitt S, Günther M, Haeufle DFB. The dynamics of the skeletal muscle: a systems biophysics perspective on muscle modeling with the focus on Hill-type muscle models. GAMM--Mitteilungen [Internet]. 2019;58:e201900013. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/gamm.201900013

Hammer M, Günther M, Haeufle DFB, Schmitt S. Tailoring anatomical muscle paths: a sheath-like solution for muscle routing in musculo-skeletal computer models. Mathematical Biosciences [Internet]. 2019;311:68–81. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mbs.2019.02.004

Driess D, Schmitt S, Toussaint M. Active Inverse Model Learning with Error and Reachable Set Estimates. In: Proc of the IEEE Int Conf on Intelligent Robotsand Systems (IROS) [Internet]. 2019. (Proc. of the IEEE Int. Conf. on Intelligent Robotsand Systems (IROS)). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS40897.2019.8967858

Haeufle DF, Schmortte B, Geyer H, Müller R, Schmitt S. The benefit of combining neuronal feedback and feed-forward control for robustness in step down perturbations of simulated human walking depends on the muscle function. Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience [Internet]. 2018;12:80. Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncom.2018.00080/full

Wolfen S, Walter J, Günther M, Haeufle DFB, Schmitt S. Bioinspired pneumatic muscle spring units mimicking the human motion apparatus: benefits for passive motion range and joint stiffness variation in antagonistic setups. In: 25th International Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice (M2VIP) [Internet]. Stuttgart; 2018. p. (6pp). (25th International Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice (M2VIP)). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/M2VIP.2018.8600913

Suissa D, Günther M, Shapiro A, Melzer I, Schmitt S. On laterally perturbed human stance: experiment, model, and control. Applied Bionics and Biomechanics [Internet]. 2018;4767624 (20pp). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4767624

Günther M, Haeufle DFB, Schmitt S. The basic mechanical structure of the skeletal muscle machinery: One model for linking microscopic and macroscopic scales. Journal of Theoretical Biology [Internet]. 2018;456:137–67. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2018.07.023

Driess D, Zimmermann H, Wolfen S, Suissa D, Haeufle D, Hennes D, et al. Learning to Control Redundant Musculoskeletal Systems with Neural Networks and SQP: Exploiting Muscle Properties. In: Proc of the International Conference on Robotics and Automation [Internet]. 2018. (Proc. of the International Conference on Robotics and Automation). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA.2018.8463160

Lindemann U, Schwenk M, Schmitt S, Weyrich M, Schlicht W, Becker C. Effect of uphill and downhill walking on walking performance in geriatric patients using a wheeled walker. Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie [Internet]. 2017;50(6):483--487. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-016-1156-4

Röhrle O, Sprenger M, Schmitt S. A two-muscle, continuum-mechanical forward simulation of the upper limb. Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology [Internet]. 2017 Jun 1;16(3):743--762. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-016-0850-x

Bayer A, Schmitt S, Günther M, Haeufle DFB. The influence of biophysical muscle properties on simulating fast human arm movements. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering [Internet]. 2017;20(8):803–21. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2017.1293663

Christensen KB, Günther M, Schmitt S, Siebert T. Strain in shock-loaded skeletal muscle and the time scale of muscular wobbling mass dynamics. Scientific Reports [Internet]. 2017;7:13266 (11pp). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13630-7

Brown N, Bubeck D, Haeufle DFB, Weickenmeier J, Kuhl E, Alt W, et al. Weekly Time Course of Neuro-Muscular Adaptation to Intensive Strength Training. Frontiers in Physiology [Internet]. 2017;8:329. Available from: http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2017.00329

Martynenko O, Kleinbach C, Hammer M, Haeufle DFB, Mayer C, Schmitt S. Advanced Hill-type Muscle model as User Defined Material in LS-DYNA with Routing Capability for Application in Active Human Body Models. In: Proceedings of the International IRCOBI Conference [Internet]. Antwerp, Belgium: IRCOBI Council; 2017. p. 679--680. (Proceedings of the International IRCOBI Conference). Available from: http://www.ircobi.org/wordpress/downloads/irc17/pdf-files/91.pdf

Kleinbach C, Martynenko O, Promies J, Haeufle DF, Fehr J, Schmitt S. Implementation and validation of the extended Hill-type muscle model with robust routing capabilities in LS-DYNA for active human body models. Biomedical Engineering Online [Internet]. 2017;16(1):109. Available from: http://doi.org/10.1186/s12938-017-0399-7

Rockenfeller R, Günther M, Schmitt S, Götz T. Corrigendum to ``Comparative Sensitivity Analysis of Muscle Activation Dynamics’’. Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine [Internet]. 2017;2017:2. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/6752731

Ghazi-Zahedi K, Haeufle DF, Montúfar G, Schmitt S, Ay N. Evaluating morphological computation in muscle and dc-motor driven models of hopping movements. Frontiers in Robotics and AI [Internet]. 2016;3:42. Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2016.00042/full

Hochstein S, Rauschenberger P, Weigand B, Siebert T, Schmitt S, Schlicht W, et al. Assessment of physical activity of the human body considering the thermodynamic system. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering [Internet]. 2016;19(9):923–33. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2015.1076804

Haeufle DF, Bäuerle T, Steiner J, Bremicker L, Schmitt S, Bechinger C. External control strategies for self-propelled particles: Optimizing navigational efficiency in the presence of limited resources. Physical Review E [Internet]. 2016;94(1):012617. Available from: https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevE.94.012617

Schmitt S, Lechler A, Röhrle O. Modellierung und Simulation als Werkzeug für das Design von Mensch-Maschine-Systemen. In Berlin: Springer Vieweg; 2015. p. 178–84.

Rupp TK, Ehlers W, Karajan N, Günther M, Schmitt S. A forward dynamics simulation of human lumbar spine flexion predicting the load sharing of intervertebral discs, ligaments, and muscles. Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology [Internet]. 2015;14(5):1081–105. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-015-0656-2

Rockenfeller R, Günther M, Schmitt S, Götz T. Comparative sensitivity analysis of muscle activation dynamics. Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine [Internet]. 2015;585409 (16pp). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/585409

Schmitt S, Haeufle D. Mechanics and thermodynamics of biological muscle--a simple model approach. In: Soft Robotics [Internet]. Springer; 2015. p. 134--144. (Soft Robotics). Available from: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-662-44506-8_12

David S, Schmitt S, Utz J, Hub A, Schlicht W. Navigation within buildings: Novel movement detection algorithms supporting people with visual impairments. Research in Developmental Disabilities [Internet]. 2014;35(9):2026–34. Available from: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0891422214002005

Haeufle DFB, Günther M, Wunner G, Schmitt S. Quantifying control effort of biological and technical movements: An information-entropy-based approach. Physical Review E [Internet]. 2014;89:012716. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.89.012716

Haeufle DFB, Günther M, Bayer A, Schmitt S. Hill-type muscle model with serial damping and eccentric force-velocity relation. Journal of Biomechanics [Internet]. 2014;47(6):1531–6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.02.009

Karajan N, Röhrle O, Ehlers W, Schmitt S. Linking continuous and discrete intervertebral disc models through homogenisation. Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology. 2013;12(3):453--466.

Schmitt S, Günther M, Rupp TK, Bayer A, Haeufle DFB. Theoretical Hill-type muscle and stability: numerical model and application. Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine [Internet]. 2013;570878 (7pp). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/570878

Haeufle DFB, Günther M, Blickhan R, Schmitt S. Proof of concept: model based bionic muscle with hyperbolic force-velocity relation. Applied Bionics and Biomechanics [Internet]. 2012;9(3):267–74. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/ABB-2011-0052

Mörl F, Siebert T, Schmitt S, Blickhan R, Günther M. Electro-mechanical delay in Hill-type muscle models. Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology [Internet]. 2012;12(5):85–102. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219519412500856

Günther M, Haeufle DFB, Röhrle O, Schmitt S. Spreading out muscle mass within a Hill-type model: A computer simulation study. Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine [Internet]. 2012;848630 (13pp). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/848630

Haeufle DFB, Günther M, Blickhan R, Schmitt S. Can quick release experiments reveal the muscle structure? A bionic approach. Journal of Bionic Engineering [Internet]. 2012;9(2):211–23. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1672-6529(11)60115-7

Schmitt S, Haeufle DFB, Blickhan R, Günther M. Nature as an engineer: one simple concept of bio-inspired functional artificial muscle. Bioinspiration & Biomimetics [Internet]. 2012;7(3):036022 (9pp). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-3182/7/3/036022

Haeufle DFB, Taylor MD, Schmitt S, Geyer H. A clutched parallel elastic actuator concept: Towards energy efficient powered legs in prosthetics and robotics. In: 2012 4th IEEE RAS EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob) [Internet]. 2012. p. 1614–9. (2012 4th IEEE RAS EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob)). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/BioRob.2012.6290722

Rupp T, Schmitt S. Inverse dynamics of the lower extremities: novel approach considering upper and lower ankle joint axis. Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology. 2011;13 pages.

Schmitt S, Günther M. Human leg impact: energy dissipation of wobbling masses. Archive of Applied Mechanics [Internet]. 2011;81(7):887–97. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00419-010-0458-z

Haeufle DFB, Günther M, Blickhan R, Schmitt S. Proof of concept of an artificial muscle: theoretical model, numerical model and hardware experiment [Internet]. 2011. p. 1–6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICORR.2011.5975336

Häufle DFB, Günther M, Blickhan R, Schmitt S. Proof of concept: model based bionic muscle with hyperbolic force-velocity relation. In: Proceedings of the first International Conference of Applied Biomechanics and Bionics. 2010. p. 7 pages. (Proceedings of the first International Conference of Applied Biomechanics and Bionics).

Blickhan R, Günther M, Schmitt S. Vorrichtung zur Nachbildung des Bewegungsverhaltens eines natürlichen Muskels. Europäisches Patentamt; 2010. Report No.: PCT/DE 2010/000160.

Schmitt S, Melnyk M, Alt W, Gollhofer A. Novel approach for a precise determination of short-time intervals in ankle sprain experiments. Journal of Biomechanics [Internet]. 2010;42:2823–5. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.08.015

Günther M, Schmitt S. A macroscopic ansatz to deduce the Hill relation. Journal of Theoretical Biology [Internet]. 2010;263(4):407–18. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2009.12.027

Melnyk M, Schloz C, Schmitt S, Gollhofer A. Neuromuscular ankle joint stabilisation after 4-weeks WBV training. International Journal of Sports Medicine [Internet]. 2009;30(6):461--466. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1112141

Blickhan R, Günther M, Schmitt S. Vorrichtung zur Nachbildung des Bewegungsverhaltens eines natürlichen Muskels. Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt; 2008. Report No.: DE 10 2008 058 604.8.

Schmitt S, Kettler A, Mutschler H, Schmidt H, Ruder H, Wilke HJ. Simulation von Störungen auf die Lumbalwirbelsäule - eine Projektskizze. In: VDI Berichte Nr. 2002, editor. Humanschwingungen. Düsseldorf, VDI; 2007. p. 277–91. (VDI Berichte Nr. 2002, editor. Humanschwingungen).

Günther M, Schmitt S, Wank V. High-frequency oscillations as a consequence of neglected serial damping in Hill-type muscle models. Biological Cybernetics. 2007;97(1):63–79.

Wangerin M, Schmitt S, Stapelfeldt B, Gollhofer A. Inverse Dynamics in Cycling Performance. In: Buzug T, editor. Advances in Medical Engineering [Internet]. Springer; 2007. p. 329--334. (Buzug T, editor. Advances in Medical Engineering). Available from: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-68764-1_55

Schmitt S. Über die Anwendung und Modifikation des Hill’schen Muskelmodells in der Biomechanik [Internet]. [Tübingen]: Eberhard-Karls-Universität; 2006. Available from: https://publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/handle/10900/49000